You can retain your invulnerability when undocking from station if you stop your ship.

Pressing Ctrl+ Space bar (once) will cause your ship to slow and stop, on all but the worst stations (amarr ones) you should stop inside docking sphere, then once your timer has expired you will be able to redock if the situation warrants it.

You can be bumped out by battleships, but it is hard to do.

Other then that insta warps are very useful.

In 0-0 i lean towards stopping rather than insta warp due to bubbles.

thing is if in doubt, just go out in your pod, they will have a hard time bumping you, you stop on a dime and you have a long lock time all the ingredients you need...... and you shouldn't have expensive stuff in your head if you are in a station with problems anyway so minimal risk. If it's clear once your timers up, dock up, change ship, undock and repeat. If not, make a note of who is outside, you dock up once your timers up, go get a coffee and maybe try again.

Obviously any local spike would cause me to abort, nothing is 100% but this is as safe as it gets really.

If you're in o.o the stations are pretty much perma camped unless they are way out of the way or an outpost. (Which still get camped fairly often.)

In low-sec you don't really have to worry about it as much unless your in a ship that looks good on a kill mail or is a juicy target. An industrial or the like. just do the local vs. in the station check. Another thing you can do is make a ship with a large buffer tank and relatively small sig radius. undock, see if it's clear, redock.